Type I Diabetes and How To Reduce Its Effects

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00:46 Hello and welcome to “Health for a Lifetime”
00:48 I’m your host Don Mackintosh
00:49 We’re glad you’ve joined us today for our program!
00:51 We’re going to be talking about diabetes today,
00:54 and maybe you or someone you know has this disease…
00:57 If they do, they’d want to tune in…
00:59 Maybe give them a call right now.
01:01 We’re going to be talking with Dr. George Guthrie
01:03 about diabetes.
01:04 Dr. Guthrie is a physician at the Lifestyle Center of America
01:08 in Oklahoma and he has been there for a number of years.
01:12 Before that, he practiced in family practice
01:15 for about 14 years.
01:16 He has also been a university professor;
01:18 talking about public health and nutrition-type things
01:23 in his teaching and we’re glad to have him with us!
01:25 Welcome Dr. Guthrie! Thank you, Don
01:27 Today we’re going to be talking about a disease
01:29 I guess is impacting millions of Americans,
01:32 and has been escalating in this country
01:35 and around the world – diabetes.
01:37 What is diabetes and what causes it?
01:40 Boy, that’s a good question.
01:42 You know, we get confused if we talk about diabetes as
01:46 one disease – there are actually several different
01:49 we call them, “KINDS” of diabetes,
01:51 and in some ways, they are actually opposite diseases.
01:54 Why don’t we focus today on type 1 diabetes.
01:57 Great! I mean, we haven’t done a program exclusively
02:00 focusing on that, so I know it will be
02:02 really appreciated.
02:03 What is type 1 diabetes?
02:05 To explain what type 1 diabetes is,
02:09 let’s first talk about what normal physiology is.
02:14 Stop to think about the way we’re created.
02:16 Food is put into the mouth, chewed, goes down the esophagus
02:20 into the stomach – kind of mixed up a bit with enzymes;
02:23 digestion begins.
02:25 Food then goes into the small intestine and is absorbed
02:28 into blood vessels.
02:32 Some of those blood vessels actually go to a small organ
02:35 behind the stomach called the “pancreas”
02:39 There in the pancreas, cells called “beta cells”
02:42 and I’ll end up referring them to that again later,
02:45 so might as well lay it right up front – “beta cells”
02:47 whose job it is to respond to the energy coming in
02:51 and say, “There is energy coming”
02:54 The hormone that goes out is called “insulin”
02:58 It goes to the cells of the body throughout the body
03:01 and they, listening for the hormone,
03:05 then open up and say,
03:07 “I guess it’s time for the energy to come in
03:09 because the hormone has sent the message. ”
03:11 Sometimes call this hormone the “Paul Revere hormone”
03:15 because it’s sending out a message.
03:17 And Paul Revere was that guy that said…
03:18 “The British are coming” That’s right…
03:20 But insulin is saying, “The ENERGY is coming”
03:23 Okay, and so the insulin goes out and just
03:25 let’s everybody know there’s help on the way.
03:28 There’s energy coming and they open up according
03:31 to their particular need.
03:32 Now, if we want to look at type 1 diabetes,
03:36 there’s a problem with this process.
03:39 Sometimes an infection comes into the body,
03:44 usually a viral infection,
03:47 ends up attacking the pancreas…
03:50 the beta cells, the ones that make the insulin…
03:53 The Paul Reveres… No, no
03:55 The horse? These are the cells that…
03:58 …The cells that actually MAKE the Paul Revere hormone.
04:02 And make them sick.
04:05 The body recognizes that there is an illness there
04:07 and comes out to fight it.
04:09 Instead of just fighting the infection,
04:11 there’s some confusion that takes place in the immune system
04:15 and the body begins to fight the beta cells
04:18 and eventually kills them.
04:19 Okay, so it’s actually fighting itself,
04:22 and it kills the very things that are needed
04:24 to produce insulin.
04:27 No, there’s no insulin, so the cells
04:31 out at the periphery don’t get the message.
04:33 There’s in essence, a block…
04:36 So is it possible… it’s not true then,
04:39 I’ve heard many times, people say that
04:40 sometimes you’re just BORN with type 1 diabetes…
04:43 That’s not true then.
04:45 We understand type 1 diabetes as being in the category of
04:51 autoimmune disease, now at least when it starts.
04:54 Where the body gets confused